Viewing data for Zeus faber


Scientific name Zeus faber
Common name European john dory
Maximum lifespan 12.00 years (Zeus faber@AnAge)

Total mtDNA (size: 16715 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 7094 9621 4462 2632 4655 4966
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 424 576 267 157 278 297
Base content (%) 42.4% 57.6%
Total protein-coding genes (size: 11408 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 4906 6502 3247 1659 3307 3195
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 430 570 285 145 290 280
Base content (%) 43.0% 57.0%
D-loop (size: 1088 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 341 747 210 131 347 400
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 313 687 193 120 319 368
Base content (%) 31.3% 68.7%
Total tRNA-coding genes (size: 1545 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 662 883 365 297 395 488
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 428 572 236 192 256 316
Base content (%) 42.8% 57.2%
Total rRNA-coding genes (size: 2625 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 1166 1459 630 536 590 869
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 444 556 240 204 225 331
Base content (%) 44.4% 55.6%
12S rRNA gene (size: 953 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 471 482 264 207 203 279
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 494 506 277 217 213 293
Base content (%) 49.4% 50.6%
16S rRNA gene (size: 1672 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 695 977 366 329 387 590
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 416 584 219 197 231 353
Base content (%) 41.6% 58.4%

ATP6 (size: 683 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 265 418 186 79 238 180
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 388 612 272 116 348 264
Base content (%) 38.8% 61.2%
ATP8 (size: 168 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 75 93 54 21 40 53
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 446 554 321 125 238 315
Base content (%) 44.6% 55.4%
COX1 (size: 1563 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 686 877 400 286 483 394
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 439 561 256 183 309 252
Base content (%) 43.9% 56.1%
COX2 (size: 691 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 302 389 184 118 193 196
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 437 563 266 171 279 284
Base content (%) 43.7% 56.3%
COX3 (size: 785 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 339 446 202 137 246 200
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 432 568 257 175 313 255
Base content (%) 43.2% 56.8%
CYTB (size: 1141 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 482 659 307 175 341 318
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 422 578 269 153 299 279
Base content (%) 42.2% 57.8%
ND1 (size: 975 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 428 547 282 146 299 248
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 439 561 289 150 307 254
Base content (%) 43.9% 56.1%
ND2 (size: 1036 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 442 594 326 116 270 324
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 427 573 315 112 261 313
Base content (%) 42.7% 57.3%
ND3 (size: 349 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 154 195 104 50 112 83
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 441 559 298 143 321 238
Base content (%) 44.1% 55.9%
ND4 (size: 1381 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 593 788 404 189 403 385
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 429 571 293 137 292 279
Base content (%) 42.9% 57.1%
ND4L (size: 297 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 144 153 98 46 86 67
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 485 515 330 155 290 226
Base content (%) 48.5% 51.5%
ND5 (size: 1839 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 755 1084 525 230 527 557
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 411 589 285 125 287 303
Base content (%) 41.1% 58.9%
ND6 (size: 522 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 247 275 179 68 74 201
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 473 527 343 130 142 385
Base content (%) 47.3% 52.7%

ATP6 (size: 683 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 10 (4.42%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 16 (7.08%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 10 (4.42%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 21 (9.29%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 0 (0%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 11 (4.87%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 57 (25.22%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 21 (9.29%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 8 (3.54%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 16 (7.08%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 12 (5.31%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 4 (1.77%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 5 (2.21%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 0 (0%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 4 (1.77%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 11 (4.87%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 9 (3.98%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 5 (2.21%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 1 (0.44%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 6 (2.65%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
18 3 7 18 5 12 7 15 8 1 5 0 5 1 12 0
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
1 0 0 6 6 3 1 0 5 4 1 4 5 6 1 7
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
7 7 0 1 4 2 0 1 2 2 2 1 0 7 4 1
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
4 4 0 0 0 1 0 3 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 4
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
41 78 65 43
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
24 60 34 109
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
14 48 80 85
ATP8 (size: 168 bases)
Amino acid sequence: MPQLNPAPWLMILLFSWMVFLTMVPPKVLAHNFPNEPTVQDSKTTETSPWTWPWQ*
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 0 (0%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 2 (3.64%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 3 (5.45%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 6 (10.91%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 0 (0%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 4 (7.27%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 6 (10.91%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 1 (1.82%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 4 (7.27%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 9 (16.36%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 3 (5.45%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 0 (0%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 5 (9.09%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 1 (1.82%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 2 (3.64%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 3 (5.45%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 3 (5.45%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 1 (1.82%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 2 (3.64%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 0 (0%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
0 1 3 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 0 1 3 0 1 2
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 7 1 0 4
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
2 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 2 1 0
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
1 0 2 0 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 5
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
9 17 18 12
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
7 18 13 18
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
5 19 22 10
COX1 (size: 1563 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 47 (9.04%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 47 (9.04%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 34 (6.54%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 34 (6.54%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 1 (0.19%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 42 (8.08%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 62 (11.92%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 39 (7.5%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 25 (4.81%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 28 (5.38%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 42 (8.08%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 18 (3.46%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 17 (3.27%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 14 (2.69%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 12 (2.31%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 15 (2.88%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 7 (1.35%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 19 (3.65%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 9 (1.73%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 8 (1.54%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
31 8 19 18 6 16 4 16 5 2 12 11 14 5 27 15
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
6 0 1 11 22 13 1 3 16 16 12 10 9 9 0 5
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
12 17 0 6 7 13 3 1 4 8 10 4 2 6 9 4
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
15 9 3 6 8 8 1 0 3 4 1 0 1 0 0 13
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
162 106 128 125
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
79 138 94 210
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
45 156 172 148
COX2 (size: 691 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 9 (3.93%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 18 (7.86%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 17 (7.42%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 8 (3.49%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 2 (0.87%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 24 (10.48%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 28 (12.23%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 18 (7.86%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 9 (3.93%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 14 (6.11%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 9 (3.93%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 8 (3.49%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 5 (2.18%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 12 (5.24%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 15 (6.55%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 5 (2.18%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 8 (3.49%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 12 (5.24%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 4 (1.75%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 5 (2.18%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
12 6 7 8 6 4 2 8 7 1 6 3 11 4 5 4
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
2 1 1 2 7 8 1 0 2 5 2 2 10 2 0 1
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
3 4 0 3 6 4 1 1 2 5 3 0 0 3 2 5
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
7 14 1 4 8 3 1 0 1 3 1 0 0 0 0 5
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
78 59 47 46
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
24 54 64 88
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
16 71 85 58
COX3 (size: 785 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 21 (8.08%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 22 (8.46%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 13 (5.0%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 23 (8.85%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 2 (0.77%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 17 (6.54%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 30 (11.54%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 16 (6.15%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 8 (3.08%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 13 (5.0%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 24 (9.23%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 12 (4.62%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 12 (4.62%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 6 (2.31%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 9 (3.46%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 2 (0.77%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 8 (3.08%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 16 (6.15%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 2 (0.77%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 5 (1.92%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
14 2 6 12 4 8 1 5 7 1 7 3 6 1 14 10
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
2 1 1 5 7 10 0 1 7 9 4 3 5 4 1 5
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
5 11 2 4 3 3 0 0 3 10 2 3 0 1 1 6
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
10 6 3 2 4 1 1 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 9
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
75 67 54 65
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
43 68 55 95
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
19 67 90 85
CYTB (size: 1141 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 26 (6.86%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 29 (7.65%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 23 (6.07%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 21 (5.54%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 3 (0.79%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 29 (7.65%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 60 (15.83%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 28 (7.39%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 11 (2.9%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 21 (5.54%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 31 (8.18%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 14 (3.69%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 13 (3.43%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 12 (3.17%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 5 (1.32%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 18 (4.75%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 6 (1.58%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 12 (3.17%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 10 (2.64%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 8 (2.11%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
18 10 7 7 8 24 4 13 5 1 2 7 18 2 16 15
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
4 1 2 4 11 14 0 1 7 15 3 3 12 6 0 1
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
7 13 0 5 9 8 0 0 1 9 5 0 4 5 13 4
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
8 2 3 4 8 8 2 1 1 6 0 0 0 0 0 13
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
101 90 89 100
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
51 93 77 159
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
23 124 152 81
ND1 (size: 975 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 18 (5.56%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 34 (10.49%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 24 (7.41%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 18 (5.56%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 0 (0%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 23 (7.1%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 62 (19.14%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 21 (6.48%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 13 (4.01%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 24 (7.41%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 17 (5.25%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 12 (3.7%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 8 (2.47%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 4 (1.23%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 11 (3.4%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 10 (3.09%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 7 (2.16%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 3 (0.93%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 7 (2.16%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 8 (2.47%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
14 7 9 17 13 16 3 13 7 0 10 4 7 2 13 4
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
4 0 0 3 18 13 0 2 7 6 3 4 13 7 0 6
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
8 4 0 3 6 11 0 1 3 6 6 3 0 6 4 3
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
0 8 3 2 2 7 0 2 0 6 0 0 0 1 0 5
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
90 91 73 71
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
38 96 55 136
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
18 95 120 92
ND2 (size: 1036 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 17 (4.94%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 33 (9.59%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 24 (6.98%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 41 (11.92%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 0 (0%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 7 (2.03%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 73 (21.22%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 28 (8.14%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 19 (5.52%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 20 (5.81%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 9 (2.62%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 6 (1.74%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 11 (3.2%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 3 (0.87%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 5 (1.45%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 15 (4.36%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 14 (4.07%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 6 (1.74%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 10 (2.91%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 4 (1.16%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
18 10 14 14 13 24 6 15 14 0 3 4 0 0 8 1
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
5 0 0 0 22 11 0 1 5 10 1 0 12 8 0 11
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
14 16 0 3 9 7 0 1 4 4 2 1 1 7 8 0
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
6 5 0 1 2 10 0 1 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 10
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
65 101 118 61
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
37 113 59 136
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
14 112 147 72
ND3 (size: 1036 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 17 (4.94%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 33 (9.59%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 24 (6.98%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 41 (11.92%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 0 (0%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 7 (2.03%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 73 (21.22%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 28 (8.14%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 19 (5.52%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 20 (5.81%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 9 (2.62%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 6 (1.74%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 11 (3.2%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 3 (0.87%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 5 (1.45%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 15 (4.36%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 14 (4.07%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 6 (1.74%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 10 (2.91%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 4 (1.16%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
18 10 14 14 13 24 6 15 14 0 3 4 0 0 8 1
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
5 0 0 0 22 11 0 1 5 10 1 0 12 8 0 11
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
14 16 0 3 9 7 0 1 4 4 2 1 1 7 8 0
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
6 5 0 1 2 10 0 1 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 10
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
65 101 118 61
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
37 113 59 136
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
14 112 147 72
ND4 (size: 1381 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 27 (5.88%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 36 (7.84%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 36 (7.84%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 37 (8.06%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 4 (0.87%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 11 (2.4%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 92 (20.04%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 40 (8.71%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 30 (6.54%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 29 (6.32%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 16 (3.49%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 12 (2.61%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 18 (3.92%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 4 (0.87%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 11 (2.4%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 12 (2.61%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 10 (2.18%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 12 (2.61%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 12 (2.61%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 11 (2.4%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
28 12 22 18 21 24 6 20 10 0 4 2 3 2 11 5
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
8 3 1 5 18 13 0 3 6 14 4 7 17 5 0 7
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
17 13 0 9 10 7 0 2 8 6 6 3 3 3 9 5
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
7 8 3 0 4 11 1 3 2 6 0 0 0 0 0 15
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
89 131 141 99
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
70 128 73 189
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
30 145 171 114
ND4L (size: 297 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 6 (6.12%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 13 (13.27%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 13 (13.27%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 6 (6.12%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 3 (3.06%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 2 (2.04%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 23 (23.47%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 2 (2.04%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 6 (6.12%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 2 (2.04%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 5 (5.1%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 1 (1.02%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 1 (1.02%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 2 (2.04%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 2 (2.04%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 1 (1.02%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 3 (3.06%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 4 (4.08%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 0 (0%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 3 (3.06%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
2 0 4 4 2 10 1 6 3 0 0 2 0 0 4 1
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
2 1 2 4 8 1 0 1 3 2 0 1 1 0 0 0
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
4 2 0 2 5 4 0 0 2 0 1 0 0 0 1 1
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
3 0 2 0 2 0 0 0 0 2 1 0 0 1 0 1
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
25 29 17 28
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
15 32 14 38
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
6 37 36 20
ND5 (size: 1839 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 30 (4.9%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 52 (8.5%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 45 (7.35%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 57 (9.31%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 7 (1.14%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 26 (4.25%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 96 (15.69%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 53 (8.66%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 31 (5.07%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 33 (5.39%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 41 (6.7%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 10 (1.63%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 13 (2.12%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 12 (1.96%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 12 (1.96%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 27 (4.41%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 21 (3.43%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 15 (2.45%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 22 (3.59%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 9 (1.47%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
31 22 27 14 19 34 1 25 20 1 8 3 11 4 24 17
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
4 1 6 10 22 20 0 0 9 14 7 9 13 10 1 11
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
24 22 0 9 18 7 1 2 8 4 6 1 3 12 15 3
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
12 7 5 6 6 21 1 1 2 6 0 0 0 1 0 12
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
132 146 200 135
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
69 177 120 247
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
29 202 237 145
ND6 (size: 522 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 29 (16.76%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 23 (13.29%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 10 (5.78%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 2 (1.16%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 2 (1.16%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 22 (12.72%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 32 (18.5%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 6 (3.47%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 4 (2.31%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 6 (3.47%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 11 (6.36%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 10 (5.78%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 4 (2.31%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 1 (0.58%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 5 (2.89%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 1 (0.58%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 0 (0%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 0 (0%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 1 (0.58%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 4 (2.31%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
5 1 0 3 0 3 3 14 0 0 12 1 1 8 10 1
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
4 1 1 9 2 8 4 3 1 4 21 4 0 1 1 1
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
0 1 0 7 0 2 0 1 0 8 2 2 9 1 0 0
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
0 2 3 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 2 0 1 0 0 2
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
80 19 16 59
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
41 40 18 75
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
58 9 40 67
Total protein-coding genes (size: 11430 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 246 (6.46%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 333 (8.75%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 260 (6.83%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 281 (7.38%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 25 (0.66%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 223 (5.86%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 650 (17.08%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 280 (7.36%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 171 (4.49%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 223 (5.86%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 228 (5.99%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 109 (2.86%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 117 (3.07%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 75 (1.97%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 99 (2.6%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 123 (3.23%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 99 (2.6%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 105 (2.76%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 81 (2.13%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 73 (1.92%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
195 85 127 142 104 183 42 157 90 9 71 43 80 29 152 76
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
44 10 15 61 146 118 8 15 71 102 58 49 109 61 4 60
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
107 112 2 53 81 71 5 11 39 63 46 18 22 54 69 32
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
73 71 28 28 47 74 7 12 11 45 5 0 2 4 0 99
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
976 971 988 872
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
513 1047 695 1552
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
283 1122 1394 1008

>NC_003190.1 Zeus faber mitochondrion, complete genome
GTTTCTGTAGCTTAATTAAAGCATAACACTGAAGATGTTAAGATAAGCCCTAGAAAGTTTTAGAAGCACA
AAGGCTTGGTCCCGGCTTTTCTGTCAGCTCTAACTAAATTTATACATGCAAGTTTCCGCACCCCTGTGAG
AATGCCCTAGATAACCTGCCCGGAATTTAGGAGCTGGTATCAGGCACCCTATCTTTAGCCCAAGACGCCT
TGCTTAGCCACACCCCTAAGGGAGTTCAGCAGTAATAAATATTAAGCCATAAGTGAAAGCTTGACTTAGT
TAAGGTTTAAAGGGCCGGTAAAACTCGTGCCAGCCACCGCGGTTATACGAGAGGCCCAAGTTGACAACTC
AACGGCGTAAAGCGTGGTTAAGTACCCCCCCCCCCCACTAGGGCCAAACACCCACAAAGCTGTTATACGC
ATGTTGAGGATTTGAAGCACCCCCACAAAAGTGGCCCTAAACCCCCACTGACCCCACGAAAGCTACAAAA
CAAACTGGGATTAGATACCCCACTATGTGTAGCCGTAAACCTTGATGGTAACCCTTACCCCCCCCCATCC
GCCTGGGAACTACGAGCACCAGCTTAAAACCCAAAGGACTTGGCGGTGCTTTAGACCCCCCTAGAGGAGC
CTGTTCTAGAACTGATAACCCCCGTTAAACCTCACCAGCCCTTGTTAATACCGCCTATATACCGCCGTCG
TCAGCTTACCCTGTGAAGGCACAATAGTAAGCAAAGTTAGTAAAACTCAAAACGTCAGGTCGAGGTGTAG
CGAATGAGCTGGGAAGAAATGGGCTACATTTTCTCTTGAGAAAAAACGAATGGTGTGTTGAAACACCCAC
CTAAAGGAGGATTTAGCAGTAAGTGGTAAATAGAGTGTCCCACTGAAACTGGCCCTGAAGCGCGCACACA
CCGCCCGTCACTCTCCCCTGTTGGCCCCCAACCTTTCATAAAACCTTTATTAAACAAAGGGGAGGCAAGT
CGTAACATGGTAAGCGTACCGGAAGGTGCGCTTGGATAAATCAGAGTGTAGCTAAAATAGTAAAGCATCT
CCCTTACACCGAGAAGCCGCCCGTGCAAGTCGAGCCACCCTGACGCCCAACTGCTAGCTCAATAGTATCA
TTAAATTACAAATATTTTTAACGATAAATAACCTAAAAACTTTTTAACAAACCATTTTTTACCTTAGTAA
AGGCGATAGAAAAGGACCCACGGAGCAACAGATAAAGTACCGCAAGGGAACGCTGAAAAAGAAATGAAAT
AAATTAAATAAGCATATTATAGCAGAGACCCACCCTCGTACCTTTTGCATCATGATTTAGCAAGTAAGAC
CCAAGCAAAGCGACCTGTAGTTTGAGACCCCGAAACTAAGCGAGCTACTCCAAGACAGCCCAATTGGGGC
AAACCCGTCCCTGTGGCAAAAGGGTGGGAAGAGCTTTGAGTAGAGGCGATAAACCTACCGAGCATAGTTA
TAGCTGGTTGTTTGAGAAATGAATAGAAGTTCAGCTCTCCGGCTTCCCAACCCCCCTTAGTACCACTAAA
ATTGGCCCCAGGAAACCAGAGAAGTTAATTAAAGGAGGTACAGCTCCTTTTTAATAGAAACACCTTTTAC
AGATGGCCAAAGATCAAAATAAATTAAGGAGTCCTATTTTAGTGGGCCTAAAAGCAGCCACCTAGTCATA
AAGCGTTAAAGCTAGAATAAAATAAACATTCCTTTTATAATGTTACTAAATCTCCCACCTCTGTAGTTAT
CAAACCATCTCATGCCTCCATGAGAGTGATAATGCTAAAATGAGTAATAAGAAGTAATAACTTCTCCTAA
TACATGTGTATCTCGGAACGGAAAACCCACCGATCATTAGCCGACCCCAACAAAAGAGGGAAGTGAAATA
TGTGCCCAAACTAGAAAACCTTTCACTAAAAATCGTTAACCCAACACAGGAGTATAAATAAGGAAAGACA
AAAAGAAAAAGAAGGAACTCGGCAAACTAAAGCCTCGCCTGTTTACCAAAAACATCGCCTCTTGAATAAA
AAATATAAGAGGTCCCGCCTGCCCTGTGACTTAAAGTTTAACGGCCGCGGTATTTTGACCGTGCAAAGGT
AGCGCAATCACTTGTCTTTTAAATGAAGACCTGTATGAATGGCATCACGAGGGCTTAGCTGTCTCCTTTT
TCAAGTCAATGAAATTGATCTCCCCGTGCAGAAGCGGGGATAATAATATAAGACGAGAAGACCCTATGGA
GCTTTAGACCTAATGCAGTCCACGAATAATACTTTTGATTATAAAAGAAAAGCTCAATGGATCCTGCACA
CCTGTCTTTGGTTGGGGCGACCGCGGGGAAAAATAAAACCCCCACGAGGATTGAGAGTTCTACTCCTAAA
ACCAAGAGCCACAGCTCTAAGTAACAGAAATTCTGACCTAAATGATCCGGGCAACCGATCAACGAACCGA
GTTACCCTAGGGATAACAGCGCAATCCCCTTCCAGAGCCCATATCGACAAGGGGGTTTACGACCTCGATG
TTGGATCAGGACATCCTAATGGTGCAGCCGCTATTAAGGGTTCGTTTGTTCAACGATTAAAGTCCTACGT
GATCTGAGTTCAGACCGGAGTAATCCAGGTCAGTTTCTATCTATAAGACGATTCCTCTCCAGTACGAAAG
GACCGAGAAGAAAAGGCCCATGCTAAAAGTATGCCTTACCCCTAACTACTGAAGCCAAATAAAGAAGGCA
AGAGGGTGTATTAATTATACTTAAGAAAATAGTAAGTTAAGGTGGCAGAACCCGGCTACTGCAGAAGGTC
TAAACCCTTCGCATAGAGGTTCAAATCCTCTCCCTAACTATGATATCAACTATTGTTACACATATCCTCA
ACCCCCTAGCCTACATAGTGCCCGTTCTACTAGCAGTTGCCTTTCTTACCCTTATTGAACGTAAAGTTCT
TGGCTACATACAATTACGTAAAGGCCCAAACATTGTAGGGCCCTATGGCCTATTACAACCAATTGCAGAC
GGTGTAAAACTATTTATTAAAGAGCCCATTCGACCTTCTACATCAGCCCCCGTCCTCTTTATTTTTTCCC
CAATGCTAGCCCTTACTTTAGCCCTAATACTATGGGCCCCCCTCCCCCTCCCATTCCCCGTTATTGATCT
CAATCTTGGAGTCCTATTTATGCTTGCCCTTTCAAGCCTTGCAGTATACTCAATTTTAGGCTCAGGATGG
GCCTCTAATTCAAAATATGCACTAGTTGGAGCCCTACGAGCAGTCGCCCAAACCATCTCCTATGAAGTAA
GCCTAGGACTTATTCTTCTTAGCGTTATCCTCTTATCAGGAGGTTTCACCTTACAAACCTTTAGTATCAC
TCAAGAAGCCACCTGATTAACTCTCCCAGCCTGACCTCTGGCCGCAATATGATACATTTCAACCCTTGCA
GAAACTAACCGAGCCCCCTTTGACCTTACTGAGGGGGAATCAGAACTTGTCTCCGGCTTTAATGTTGAGT
ATGCCGGGGGCCCTTTTGCTCTCTTATTTTTAGCAGAATACGCAAATATTTTATTAATAAATACACTATC
TGCTATCCTGTTCTTTGGCGCCTCCACCCTCCCCTATTTACCAGAACTTACCTCAGCAAACATCATGGTT
AAAGCTGCCCTCCTCTCCATAGTATTTTTATGGGTTCGAGCATCCTACCCACGATTTCGATATGATCAAC
TCATACATCTAGTGTGAAAAAATTTCCTGCCTATTACACTAGCAATAGTAGTATGACATCTTGCCCTCCC
CCTATCACTTGCAGGAATCCCCCCCCAAATTTAAAAGGGGCTGTGCCTGAATTAAAGGGCCACTTTGATA
GAGTGAATCATGAAGGATAAAGTCCTTCCAGCCCCTTAGAAAGGGGGGACTCGAACCCACCCTTTGGAGA
TCAAAACTCCAAGTGCTTCCACTACACCACTTCCTAGTAAAGTCAGCTAATTAAGCTTTTGGGCCCATAC
CCCAAAAATGTTGGTTAAAATCCTTCCTTCACTAATGAATCCACTTGTCCTCTCCCTCCTCATCTTAAGT
CTAGGACTAGGTACAACCCTAACATTTGCCAGCTCCCACTGGCTACTAGCCTGAATAGGCCTAGAAATTA
ATACCCTCGCAATCATTCCACTGATAGCCCAACACCACCACCCCCGAGCAGTTGAAGCAACCACTAAATA
TTTTTTAACCCAAGCAACCGCCGCAGCCCTTATTTTATTTGCAAGCATAACTAATGCCTGAATTACAGGA
CAATGAGGCATTCAACAAATAGACCAAACAATCCCAACCACAATACTAACCATTGCACTCATATTAAAAC
TTGGCCTTGCCCCCGCCCACTTTTGACTGCCAGAAGTCCTACAAGGGTTAGATCTTACCACAGGACTAAT
TATGTCCACCTGACAAAAACTAGCCCCACTAGCCCTGCTCGTCCAAATTCCAAACCTTAACTCCAACCTA
CTAATTTTTATTGGACTAATCTCTACAATAGTCGGAGGATGAGGAGGCTTAAACCAAACTCAACTACGAA
AAGTTATAGCCTACTCTTCCATCGCCCACCTTGGATGAATAATCTTAATTGTTTCTTTTAATCCCAAACT
GACTTTACTAGCCCTTTCCATGTATATCCTCATAACAACATCAATATTTCTCACACTAAAAATTAATAAC
TCACTGGACATAAACACTTTAGCCACATCCTGAGCAAAAACCCCCATCCTAACTGCCTTGACTCCCCTCA
TCTTATTATCCCTAGGAGGCCTGCCCCCCCTCTCAGGATTTATGCCCAAATGACTTATTTTACAAGAACT
AACTAAACAAGAACTTCCACTTACCGCCACCATTGCAGCACTAAGCGCCCTTTTAAGCCTCTATTTCTAC
CTTCGTCTCTCATATGCAATAGCCCTAACAACTTCACCCAATACAACAATTAATACTGCCCCCTGACGAC
TAAAAACAAACCAAAACTCCATCCCCCTATCAACATCAATTGCCCTCACCGCCATACTTTTACCAATGAC
CCCCACTATTTTAGCCATTTAAAGATTTAGGATAATAAAAGACCAAGAGCCTTCAAAGCCCTCAGTGAAG
GTGAAAATCCTTCAATCTTTGTAAGACTTGCGGGACATTATCCCACATCTTCTGCATGCAAAACAGACAC
TTTAATTAAGATAAAGCCTTAATTATAGGTGGGCGGGCCTCGATCCCACATAAACTTAGTTAACAGCTAA
GTGCTCCAACCAGCGAGCATCCACCTAATCTTTCCCCCGCCTGCGGGGAAAGGGGGAAAGATCCGGCAGG
GGATTTGCCTGCTACTCTAGATTTGCAATCTAGCATGATGACACCTCGGAGCTTGGTAGAAAGAGGAATT
AAACCTCTGTTTATGGGGCTACAACCCACCACTTAATACTCAGCCATTCTACCTGTGGCAATTACCCGCT
GATTTTTCTCAACCAACCACAAAGACATTGGCACCCTTTATTTAGTATTCGGTGCCTGAGCCGGCATAGT
CGGAACAGCCCTAAGCCTTCTTATTCGAGCTGAACTTAGTCAACCAGGGGCCCTCCTTGGAGACGATCAA
ATTTATAATGTTATCGTCACAGCTCACGCTTTTGTTATAATCTTTTTTATAGTTATACCAATCATAATTG
GGGGCTTTGGGAACTGACTAATCCCACTTATAATCGGGGCCCCTGACATAGCCTTCCCCCGCATAAATAA
TATAAGCTTTTGACTCCTCCCCCCCTCCTTTTTACTTCTGCTCGCCTCTTCGGGAGTTGAAGCCGGAGCT
GGGACAGGATGAACAGTCTACCCCCCTTTAGCAGGCAATCTAGCCCATGCCGGGGCCTCCGTAGATCTAA
CTATTTTTTCCCTCCACTTAGCAGGGATTTCATCTATCTTGGGCGCAATTAATTTTATTACCACCATTGT
TAACATAAAACCCCCTGCCATTTCACAATACCAGACCCCCTTATTTGTGTGGTCAGTCCTGATTACAGCA
GTCCTACTGCTTTTATCACTACCAGTACTAGCGGCTGGAATTACAATACTTCTCACTGACCGAAACTTAA
ACACCTCTTTCTTTGATCCTGCAGGCGGAGGAGACCCTATTTTATACCAACACCTATTTTGATTCTTCGG
TCACCCCGAAGTCTATATTTTAATTCTTCCAGGCTTTGGAATAATCTCACATATTGTCGCCTACTACTCG
GGGAAAAAAGAACCTTTTGGCTACATGGGCATGGTCTGAGCCATGATAGCAATTGGGTTACTTGGATTTA
TTGTATGGGCCCACCACATATTTACAGTAGGAATGGACGTAGATACCCGAGCATACTTCACATCTGCCAC
AATAATTATTGCTATTCCAACAGGAGTAAAAGTATTTAGCTGACTAGCCACCCTTCATGGCGGATCTATT
AAATGAGAGACCCCCCTTCTATGGGCCCTAGGTTTTATTTTCCTTTTTACTGTAGGAGGCTTAACAGGCA
TTGTTTTAGCTAACTCATCTTTAGATATTGTCCTTCACGACACTTATTATGTTGTTGCACACTTCCACTA
TGTTCTGTCCATGGGGGCTGTATTTGCAATTGTCGCTGCTTTTGTGCACTGGTTCCCACTATTCTCGGGG
TATACCCTTCACAGCACATGAACAAAAATCCACTTCGGCGTTATATTCCTAGGAGTAAACTTAACATTTT
TCCCTCAGCACTTTCTAGGCTTAGCCGGAATACCTCGGCGCTACTCAGACTACCCAGATGCCTACACACT
ATGAAACACAGTTTCATCCATGGGCTCCCTTGTGTCCCTAGTGGCAGTAATTATATTCCTTTTTATTATT
TGAGAAGCCTTTGCTGCAAAGCGAGAAGTCTCATCAGTAGAAATAACTTCAACAAATGTTGAATGATTGC
ACGGCTGCCCTCCCCCTTATCATACCTTTGAAGAGCCAGCATTTGTACAAATTAACTTATCAGCCGAGAA
AGGGAGGAATCGAACCCCCATCTGATGGTTTCAAGCCAACCACATAACCACTCTGTCACTTTCTTTATAA
AATACTAGTAATAATTTTATTACATTGCTTTGTCAAGGCAAAATTGTGGGTTAAAATCCCACGTATTTTA
AGCATTGCTAGAATGGCTCATCCCTCACAACTAGGATTCCAAGACGCGGCCTCCCCCGTTATAGAAGAAC
TTCTCCACTTCCATGATCATGCATTAATAATTGTATTCTTAATTAGCACATTAGTTCTTTATATTATTGT
TGCCATGGTTTCGACCAAATTAACAAATAAACATATTTTAGACTCCCAAGAAATCGAAATTATTTGAACT
GTGCTGCCCGCAGTAATCCTCATCTTAATTGCCCTCCCCTCTCTACGAATTCTCTACCTTGTTGATGAAG
TAAATGACCCCCACCTTACCATCAAGGCCGTAGGGCACCAATGATATTGAAGCTACGAATATACAGACTA
CGCAGACTTAGGATTTGATTCTTATATAATTCCCACCCAATCCCTCGAACCAGGACAATTCCGGCTACTT
GAAGCAGACCACCGAATAGTGGTCCCTGTAGAATCTCCCATCCGCGTTCTTGTGTCAGCAGAAGACGTCC
TTCACTCCTGAGCAGTACCTGCCCTGGGCGTAAAAATAGACGCTGTACCCGGCCGATTAAATCAAACAGC
CTTTATTGTGTCCCACCCCGGAGTATTTTATGGGCAGTGTTCAGAGATCTGCGGAGCAAACCATAGTTTT
ATACCAATTGTAGTAGAAGCAGTCCCCCTCGAACACTTTGAAAACTGATCCTCACTAATACTTGAAGATG
CCTCACTAAGAAGCTAAACCGGGACTAGCATTAGCCTTTTAAGCTAAAGATTGGTGACCCCCAACCACCC
TTAGTGGAATGCCCCAGCTCAACCCCGCCCCTTGATTAATAATCCTTCTATTCTCATGAATAGTATTTTT
AACTATAGTACCCCCCAAAGTCCTGGCACACAATTTCCCCAATGAGCCCACCGTACAAGACAGTAAAACT
ACTGAGACTAGCCCCTGAACCTGACCATGACAATAAACCTGTTTAATCAATTTTTAAGCCCCCAATATTT
AGGAATTCCACTAATTTTAGTAGCTCTTGCCCTTCCATGACTTCTTTTTCCGCCCTCATCCTCACGATGG
TTAAATAACCGTCTTTTAACCCTACAAAGCTGATTTATTAACCGTCTGACTCAACAGCTTCTTCTTCCTA
TCAATGTGGGCGGGCACAAATGAGCCCTCCTTTTTGCCTCCCTAATAATTTTTTTAATTACCATTAATAT
ATTAGGCTTAATTCCATATACTTTTACTCCTACAACCCAACTTTCCCTTAATATAGGCTTTGCTGTTCCT
TTATGATTAGCTACAGTTATTATTGGAATACGTAATCAACCAACACATACTCTGGGCCACCTTCTCCCAG
AAGGAACTCCTACCGCTTTAATCCCCATCTTAATTATTATTGAAACAATTAGTCTGTTTATTCGCCCCCT
GGCGCTAGGCGTTCGACTAACCGCCAATCTTACAGCCGGACACCTGCTAATTCACCTAATTTCCACTGCT
GCCTTTGTACTTCTTCCCCTAATACCAACAGTAGCACTTCTTACTTCTCTGCTACTCTTTCTTTTAACCC
TCCTAGAAATTGCAGTTGCAATAATTCAAGCTTACGTATTTGTTTTACTATTAACCCTCTACCTACAAGA
AAACGTATAATGGCCCACCAAGCTCATGCATATCACATAGTTGACCCAAGCCCCTGACCTTTAACAGGCG
CAGTAGCCGCTCTTCTTATAACATCCGGTCTAGCAATTTGATTTCATTTTAACTCTACGACCCTTATAAC
CCTCGGACTAATTCTTCTACTCCTAACTATATACCAATGATGGCGAGATATTGTACGAGAGGGGACATTT
CAAGGACACCACACACCCCCAGTACAAAAAGGCCTTCGATACGGCATAGTTCTTTTTATTACATCAGAAG
TCTTCTTCTTTATTGGATTCTTCTGAGCATTTTATCATGCAAGCCTCGCCCCAACTCCTGAATTAGGGGG
ATGCTGGCCCCCCACAGGCATCACCCCGCTTGACCCCTTTGAAGTGCCACTTCTTAATACGGCCGTCCTT
TTAGCCTCCGGGGTAACTGTTACATGGGCACATCACAGCATTATGGAGGGAGAACGAAAGCAGGCAATTC
ACTCCCTCACCTTAACAATTCTACTAGGCTTTTATTTTACCTTCCTGCAAGCTATAGAGTATTATGAAGC
CCCTTTTACAATTGCTGACGGGGTCTATGGCTCAACTTTCTTCGTTGCAACAGGATTCCACGGACTTCAT
GTTATTATTGGATCTACATTTCTAGCCATCTGTTTAATTCGACAAGTACAATATCACTTTACTTCTGACC
ACCACTTCGGATTTGAAGCAGCAGCTTGATATTGACATTTTGTTGATGTTGTATGACTATTCCTTTATAT
TTCTATTTATTGATGAGGCTCATAATTTTTCTAGTACAACAAAAGTATACGTGGCTTCCAACCACACGAT
CTTGGTTAAAGCCCAAGGAAAAATAATGAATATAATTTCAACACTTATACTTATCTCAGCCCTAATCTCC
CTAGTCTTAGCCACAGTCTCCTTTTGACTACCCCAGCTGAACCCAGATTCTGAAAAACTCTCCCCCTACG
AATGTGGCTTTGACCCTCTTGGAAGCGCACGCCTCCCATTTTCCCTCCGATTTTTTTTAGTTGCTATCCT
GTTTCTCCTTTTTGATCTTGAAATTGCACTCCTACTGCCCCTTCCCTGAGGAGACCAATTAACCAACCCC
ACCTTAACCTTCATTTGAGCTGCAACTGTTTTAGTACTACTCACCCTAGGACTTATTTATGAATGACTTC
AAGGCGGCCTAGAATGAGCGGAATAGATAATTAGTATAAGTAAAATATTTGATTTCGGCTCAAAAGTTTG
TGGTTAAATTCCACAATTATCTAATGACCCCTACCCACTTTTCTGTCTCATCAGCCTTTATTCTAGGACT
TATGGGCTTAGCCTTCCACCGAACCCATCTACTGTCCGCCCTTTTATGTCTAGAGGGCATAATACTATCC
CTCTTTATTGCCCTTTCACTATGATCCTTACAACTAGACGCCGCTGGCTACTCCTCTTCCCCCATATTAA
TACTAGCTTTTTCAGCTTGCGAGGCAAGCGCTGGATTAGCCCTACTTGTCGCCACAGCCCGAACCCACGG
TACAGACCGGCTACAAAGCTTAAACCTACTCCAATGCTAAAAATTTTAATCCCCACCCTAATGCTCCTAC
CCCTACCTTGACTGACACCCAAAAAATGACTTTGGCCAACTTCCCTTATACACAGCATAATTATTGCACT
AATCAGCTTATACTGACTAAAAAATTCCTCAGAAGAAGGATGAACCACTCTTAACCCTATAATAGGAACA
GACCCTCTTTCCACACCCCTCCTCATCCTCACATGCTGACTATTACCATTAATGATTTTGGCCAGCCAAA
ATCATATGGCCCCCGAGCCCCTCAGCCGACAACGTACCTATATTTCCCTGTTGTCCTCTCTTCAAGTCTT
CCTCATCCTTGCCTTCAGTGCAACAGAAATTTTAATATTTTATATTATATTTGAAGCCACCTTAATCCCC
ACCCTCATTATTATTACCCGCTGAGGTAACCAAAAAGAGCGTCTAAACGCCGGAACCTACTTTTTATTTT
ATACACTAGCTGGCTCACTCCCCCTTCTAGTGGCCCTGCTCCTGCTTCAAAACTCCACAGGAACCCTATC
AATACTGATTACTCCTTACAACGACCTCACCCTCACTACATCTTGAAGCCATAAACTCTGATGGGCCGGA
TGTATAATTGCATTTTTAGTTAAAATACCCCTCTACGGGGTTCATCTTTGATTGCCTAAAGCTCATGTAG
AAGCCCCAATCGCAGGTTCCATAATTCTTGCTGCAGTCTTACTAAAACTAGGAGGCTACGGAATAATGCG
CATCATAGTTACACTTGACCCCTTATCAAAAGAAATACTCTTCCCATTCATTATTTTAGCCTTATGGGGT
GTAATCATAACCGGCTCTATTTGTCTCCGACAAACAGACCTAAAATCTTTAATTGCCTATTCTTCAGTAA
GCCACATAGGCCTCGTTGCAGGGGGAATTTTAATCCAAACCCCATGAGGATTTACAGGAGCACTAATTCT
TATAATTGCCCACGGCCTTGCATCTTCAGCTCTCTTTTGTTTAGCCAATACAAACTATGAACGAACCCAC
AGCCGAACTATACTTCTTGCCCGAGGACTACAAATAATTATACCCCTAATGGCATCCTGATGATTTACCG
CTAGTCTAGCCAACTTAGCACTACCCCCCTTACCCAACCTAATGGGGGAGATCATAATTATTTCTTCCTT
ATTCAACTGATCTTGATTTACTATCATCCTCACAGGAGCAGGAACCCTAATTACCGCAGGGTACTCACTT
TATCTGTTTTTAATAACCCAACGTGGCCCTCTTCCCCAACATATTACTGCCCTAAGCCCCTCCCACACCC
GAGAACACCTACTCATGGCCCTACACCTTCTCCCCCTCATTATAATTATTGCAAAGCCTGCCTTAGTGTC
TGGATGATTTGCCTGTAGATATAATTTAATAAAAATGTTAGATTGTGATTCTAAAAATAGAGGTTAAACC
CCTTTTATCCACCGAGAGTGGCCCGATGGCAATGAAGACTGCTAATCTTCACCCCCTTGGTTGAACCCCA
AGGCTCCCTCGGGCTTTTAAAGGATAATAGTTCATCCGCTGGTCTTAGGAACCAGAAACTCTTGGTGCAA
CTCCAAGTAAAAGCTATGCACCCAACTATAATCACAACTAGCACCTGCCTTTTAGTTGTACTAGTACTTT
TACTATTTCCAATTTTGACAACCTTCTCCCCAAAACCATCTCCGCACCACTGGGCCTCCTCGCACGTTAA
AACAGCTGTAAAAACAGCATTCTTTGTAAGCCTCGCCCCCCTCTTCCTATTCTTAAATGAGGGGACCGAA
ACCATCATCACAAACTGATCTTGAATAAATATTAACACCTTCGACATCAACATAAGTTTCAAATTCGACC
ACTACTCCATTATCTTTATCCCAATTGCCCTATATGTAACATGAGCAATCCTAGAATTTGCAACATGATA
CATACACACAGACCCTCAAATAAACCGATTCTTTAAATATCTATTAATCTTTTTAGTGGCAATAATTATT
TTAGTCTCTGCAAACAATATATTTCAACTTTTCATTGGCTGAGAGGGAGTTGGGATTATATCATTTTTAC
TAATCGGCTGATGATACGGACGAGCAGACGCTAATACCGCTGCCCTACAAGCAGTGTTGTACAACCGAAT
TGGGGATATTGGACTAATTTTAAGCATAGCATGACTAGCTAAGACCCTCAACTCCTGAGAAATTCAACAA
ATAATTTTTCTCTCCAAAGACTTAGATATAACCGTACCTTTACTCGGCCTTATCCTTGCCGCTACAGGAA
AATCAGCCCAATTTGGACTCCACCCTTGACTCCCCTCAGCCATAGAGGGCCCAACACCAGTTTCTGCCCT
CCTACACTCCAGCACTATAGTTGTTGCCGGCATTTTTTTACTAATCCGCCTTAGCCCCCTTATAGAAAAC
AATCAAACTGCCCTCTCTGTATGCCTCTGCCTTGGGGCCCTTACTACCCTATTTACAGCCACTTGTGCCC
TAACACAAAATGATATCAAAAAAATTGTTGCATTTTCCACCTCCAGCCAACTAGGCTTAATAATAGTAAC
AATTGGATTAAATCAGCCCCAACTAGCATTTCTTCACATTTGCACTCACGCCTTCTTTAAAGCAATGTTA
TTTTTATGCTCCGGCTCTATCATCCATGCCTTAAATGATGAGCAAGATATCCGAAAAATGGGGGGAATAC
AAAATCTGGCTCCTCTCACATCTACCTGCCTAACAATTGGAAGCCTAGCATTAACAGGCACCCCCTTCCT
AGCAGGGTTCTTTTCAAAAGACGCAATTATTGAAGCCATAAATACCTCCCATATTAACGCCTGAGCCCTA
ATTTTGACCCTACTAGCAACCTCCTTCACAGCAATCTATAGCCTACGAGTCGTATATTTTGTGTCCATAG
GACACCCCCGTTTTATCACCCTCCCCCCTATTAATGAAAACAACCCCTCAGTTATCAACCCCTTAAAACG
ACTAGCACTAGGAAGTATTATTGCAGGATTTCTCATTACCCTTAACTACCTCCCTCTAAAAACTCCTATT
TTAACTATGCCCCCTTCCCTAAAACTAGCTGCCCTAGCCGTAACAATTATAGGACTCTTAATAGCATTTG
AGTTAGCTCAAATAACCTCAGCCCAATTTAAACCCCTCCCTAAACTCACCCCACACAACTTCTCCAATAT
ACTAGGATTTTTTCCAATCCTAATTCATCGCCTCCTCCCCAAAATCTCCTTAACCCTTGGGCAAGCAGTA
GCCACCCAAACAGTGGATCAAACATGATTAGAAAAAACAGGCCCAAAATCTATAACTTCAGCTCAAGTCC
CCATAATTTCTTTAACAACTAACATCCAACAAGGACTTATCAAAACCTACCTAACCCTATTCTTCTTAAC
CTTCTCCCTTGCTATAATAATTTCCCTATCCTAACAGCACGAAGAGCCCCCCGACTAACCCCTCGAATTA
ATTCTAGCACAACAAACAATGTTAACAACAATGCACCTGCCCCTAAAATAAGTAAAAATCCCCCAAAAGA
AAACATCAGCGCCACCCCTCCAAAATCCCCCGGCAGAACTGAAAAAGCTTTTAATTCATAAATAGGCACT
CAAGACCCCTCATACCACCCAGACCCCGCCCACAAAGCGGCACCTAAAACTAACCCGATATAAATAACTA
CATACCCGAACACAGCCCGCCCCCCTCATGCCTCAGGGTAAGGCTCCGCAGCTAAAGCTGCAGAATATGC
AAAAACCACCAACATTCCCCCCAAGTAAATTAAAAATAAGACCAAAGATAAAAATCCACCCCCACATGCA
ACTAAAACCCCGCACCCTGCCCCCGCCACTAAAACTAGCCCCAAAGCGGCATAATAAGGAGATGGATTTG
ATGCAACCCCCACCAGCCCTAGCACAAAGCCCAATAAAAGAACAGACATAGCATAAGTCATAATTCCCGC
CCGGACTCTAACCAGGATTAGCGACTTGAAAAACCACCGTTATTATTTAACTACAAGAACTTGTAATGGC
CAGCCTACGCAAAACACACCCCCTACTAAAAATTGTAAACGATGCACTAATTGACTTACCAGCCCCCGCC
AACATTTCAGTATGATGAAACTTTGGCTCTCTCCTAGGACTATGCTTACTAACCCAGATTCTAACAGGAT
TGTTTCTAGCAATACATTATACATCTGACATTGCTACCGCATTTTCCTCAGTCGCCCACATCTGTCGAGA
CGTCAACTACGGCTGATTAATCCGAAATTTTCATGCTAACGGAGCATCCTTTTTCTTTATTTGCCTCTAC
CTCCACATCGGACGAGGACTATATTATGGATCTTATTTATATAAAGAGACCTGAAACGTGGGAGTAGTAC
TTTTCCTGCTAGTAATAATAACAGCTTTCGTTGGCTATGTCTTACCATGAGGACAAATATCTTTTTGAGG
GGCCACAGTAATTACCAATCTCCTGTCCGCAGTCCCCTATGTGGGAGATATCCTAGTACAATGAATTTGA
GGGGGGTTTTCAGTTGACAACGCCACCTTAACACGATTCTTCGCCTTCCACTTTCTATTCCCCTTTATTA
TTGCAGCAATAACAATTTTACATTTTCTTTTTTTACACGAGACAGGCTCAAATAACCCCGCAGGACTTAA
CTCAGACGCTGATAAAGTATCCTTCCACCCCTACTTCTCCTATAAAGACCTACTTGGCTTCGTAGTAATA
CTCCTGGCCCTATCCACCTTGTCCTTGTTCTCCCCCAACCTCCTAGGAGACCCCGACAACTTCATCCCTG
CAAATCCCCTAGTCACCCCTCCACATATCAAGCCAGAGTGATATTTTTTATTTGCATACGCAATTTTACG
ATCAATTCCAAATAAGCTTGGAGGTGTATTAGCCCTCCTTTCTTCAATCCTAATCCTGATGCTAGTACCC
ATCTTACACACTTCAAAACAACGAGGACTAACATTTCGTCCCCTCACACAAATTCTATTCTGAGTCCTAG
TAGCAGATGTAGCAATCTTGACATGAATTGGAGGCATGCCTGTAGAACACCCATTTATTATTGTAGGCCA
AGTAGCATCCGTCTTATACTTCGCCCTTTTCCTAGTAATTATGCCCACAACAGGATGAATAGAAAACAAA
GCCCTAAAATGAAACTGCCCTAGTAGCTCAGAGTAAGAGCGTCGGCCTTGTAAGCCGAATGTCGGAGGTT
AGATTCTTCCCTAGTGCTCAGAGAGAGGAGAATTAAACTCCCGCCACTAGCTCCCAAAGCTAGCATTCTA
AATTAAACTACCCCCTGAAATTTCCCGGAACCCGCCACAATAAAGCTAAAAATAACACCTAACTTCGCCA
ATGTAATGTCTGCCAGATTATTTATGGTTTATATACATATATATGTATAATCACCATTAATTTATATTAA
CCTAATCAAGTAATAATGGTTATTAATATCAATAGGATATAAATAGAAGAATGTAAGGTACTCAACATCA
ACAGTAGATACAAAATTATCTCTAGCATATTATGATATAATTGAATTCAGATCATTCATCAACATATCTA
TCATCAGAATTACGTATGTAGTAAGAGAGTTGCAACAGTGATTACTAACCCTAACGGTTATTGATGGTCA
GGGACAGCAATTGTAGGGGTTTCACTTATTGAATTATTCCTGGCATTTGGCTCCTTCTTCAGGGCCATAA
ATAGATTACAGCTCATAACATGCTCTTTTGTCCATCTCTTAATGGTGAAGTACATATTACCAAATTTCCC
ACCATGCCGAGCGTTCTTTCTAAGGGGCAGTTGGTTTTTTTTTTAATTTTCATCTCACTTTGCATTTCAG
AGTGCACACGAAGATGTATAAATAAGGTTGAACTGGACTTTGCTTGAATTACATATAGTTAAATATTTAA
AGACATTAAATAAGAATTACAGTTGTTGATATCATGGACATAACAGATAAATCTCCTTAGACATCCCCTT
TACAAAAACCTAAAAAATTTGCGTAAACCCCCCCTACCCCCCCTTTCTGAAGTACTATATCCTGTAAACC
CCCCGGAAACAGGAAAACCTAAGAAACGGGTTATTCAACCCCCAAATATAAACTTAATTACATCAATTTA
AGTTTGAAAAAAAATTACAAATACAAACCAATTCTATGTCCCTACGTAAACTAAAATTATTTATGCACAC
TCCTAACTTTACATACATAAAATTATTTAAATTATATTCATTATATATATATATATATCAATTGTTAAAA
TGTGATTATAAAACTATTTTATGCTTAAATACACAAATCTTTTACCCTTAAACACCACCCCCAACAGCAC
AACTAAAACAAGGCCTTAAAGTGCCCCAACAAACTTTATTAAACTGTTATAACTA


Contact: Vadim E. Fraifeld, MD, PhD

Head: Lab for the Biology of Aging, The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
P.O. Box 653, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel

Email:
How to cite us:

If you would like to cite this database please use:
Toren D, Barzilay T, Tacutu R, Lehmann G, Muradian KK, Fraifeld VE. MitoAge: a database for comparative analysis of mitochondrial DNA, with a special focus on animal longevity. Nucleic Acids Res. 2016; 44(D1):D1262-5.