Viewing data for Alosa alosa


Scientific name Alosa alosa
Common name Alice shad
Maximum lifespan 10.00 years (Alosa alosa@AnAge)

Total mtDNA (size: 16698 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 7887 8810 4821 3066 4151 4659
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 472 528 289 184 249 279
Base content (%) 47.2% 52.8%
Total protein-coding genes (size: 11403 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 5426 5976 3477 1949 2945 3031
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 476 524 305 171 258 266
Base content (%) 47.6% 52.4%
D-loop (size: 1041 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 386 655 221 165 314 341
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 371 629 212 159 302 328
Base content (%) 37.1% 62.9%
Total tRNA-coding genes (size: 1554 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 747 807 405 342 367 440
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 481 519 261 220 236 283
Base content (%) 48.1% 51.9%
Total rRNA-coding genes (size: 2635 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 1291 1344 700 591 512 832
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 490 510 266 224 194 316
Base content (%) 49.0% 51.0%
12S rRNA gene (size: 951 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 483 468 265 218 191 277
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 508 492 279 229 201 291
Base content (%) 50.8% 49.2%
16S rRNA gene (size: 1684 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 808 876 435 373 321 555
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 480 520 258 221 191 330
Base content (%) 48.0% 52.0%

ATP6 (size: 683 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 318 365 214 104 189 176
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 466 534 313 152 277 258
Base content (%) 46.6% 53.4%
ATP8 (size: 168 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 68 100 47 21 47 53
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 405 595 280 125 280 315
Base content (%) 40.5% 59.5%
COX1 (size: 1551 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 738 813 421 317 434 379
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 476 524 271 204 280 244
Base content (%) 47.6% 52.4%
COX2 (size: 691 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 316 375 196 120 176 199
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 457 543 284 174 255 288
Base content (%) 45.7% 54.3%
COX3 (size: 785 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 388 397 243 145 200 197
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 494 506 310 185 255 251
Base content (%) 49.4% 50.6%
CYTB (size: 1141 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 528 613 329 199 318 295
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 463 537 288 174 279 259
Base content (%) 46.3% 53.7%
ND1 (size: 975 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 481 494 307 174 262 232
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 493 507 315 178 269 238
Base content (%) 49.3% 50.7%
ND2 (size: 1045 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 529 515 376 153 241 274
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 506 493 360 146 231 262
Base content (%) 50.6% 49.3%
ND3 (size: 349 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 169 180 108 61 98 82
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 484 516 309 175 281 235
Base content (%) 48.4% 51.6%
ND4 (size: 1381 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 648 733 407 241 366 367
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 469 531 295 175 265 266
Base content (%) 46.9% 53.1%
ND4L (size: 297 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 145 152 94 51 81 71
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 488 512 316 172 273 239
Base content (%) 48.8% 51.2%
ND5 (size: 1836 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 860 976 572 288 464 512
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 468 532 312 157 253 279
Base content (%) 46.8% 53.2%
ND6 (size: 522 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 242 280 165 77 76 204
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 464 536 316 148 146 391
Base content (%) 46.4% 53.6%

ATP6 (size: 683 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 11 (4.87%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 20 (8.85%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 7 (3.1%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 22 (9.73%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 0 (0%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 15 (6.64%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 49 (21.68%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 21 (9.29%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 9 (3.98%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 18 (7.96%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 12 (5.31%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 5 (2.21%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 5 (2.21%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 1 (0.44%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 4 (1.77%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 9 (3.98%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 9 (3.98%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 3 (1.33%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 1 (0.44%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 6 (2.65%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
14 7 1 12 10 14 4 9 9 0 2 7 5 1 5 7
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
8 0 0 1 9 7 3 1 5 3 2 4 7 6 1 3
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
4 12 3 3 0 0 0 0 4 1 4 1 0 2 7 0
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
3 3 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 4 2 0 0 0 0 4
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
51 76 66 34
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
26 63 32 106
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
27 75 77 48
ATP8 (size: 168 bases)
Amino acid sequence: MPQLNPAPWFAILVFSWLIFLTVIPPKVLAHNFNNEPTTVGAEKAKPEPWNWPWY*
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 1 (1.82%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 5 (9.09%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 1 (1.82%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 3 (5.45%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 0 (0%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 4 (7.27%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 5 (9.09%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 3 (5.45%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 1 (1.82%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 9 (16.36%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 4 (7.27%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 1 (1.82%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 5 (9.09%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 0 (0%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 3 (5.45%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 5 (9.09%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 1 (1.82%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 1 (1.82%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 3 (5.45%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 0 (0%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
3 0 0 1 0 3 0 0 1 0 0 3 1 0 2 2
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
1 0 0 3 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 4 3 2 0 1
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
0 2 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 4 1
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
0 3 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 5
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
13 15 15 13
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
6 18 15 17
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
2 14 23 17
COX1 (size: 1551 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 46 (8.91%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 47 (9.11%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 31 (6.01%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 35 (6.78%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 1 (0.19%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 42 (8.14%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 63 (12.21%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 38 (7.36%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 25 (4.84%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 28 (5.43%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 42 (8.14%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 18 (3.49%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 17 (3.29%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 15 (2.91%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 10 (1.94%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 14 (2.71%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 8 (1.55%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 19 (3.68%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 9 (1.74%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 8 (1.55%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
23 15 5 16 12 20 8 6 7 1 7 7 20 8 16 26
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
20 0 1 5 23 18 1 4 9 11 22 6 7 11 4 6
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
11 14 4 3 9 12 2 1 4 7 11 2 1 8 6 3
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
16 7 3 6 9 7 2 1 0 5 2 0 0 1 0 15
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
160 119 126 112
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
77 136 94 210
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
80 166 159 112
COX2 (size: 691 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 9 (3.93%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 16 (6.99%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 17 (7.42%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 9 (3.93%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 2 (0.87%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 22 (9.61%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 30 (13.1%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 17 (7.42%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 12 (5.24%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 14 (6.11%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 7 (3.06%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 9 (3.93%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 5 (2.18%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 14 (6.11%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 15 (6.55%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 4 (1.75%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 8 (3.49%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 10 (4.37%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 4 (1.75%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 6 (2.62%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
12 5 5 7 5 14 3 0 8 0 8 1 10 3 4 3
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
7 1 1 0 8 6 2 2 2 4 1 2 6 6 0 3
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
2 4 0 2 8 4 0 0 3 3 6 0 1 1 3 2
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
8 13 2 1 13 4 0 1 2 3 0 0 0 0 0 5
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
76 67 49 38
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
25 53 64 88
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
19 76 86 49
COX3 (size: 785 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 23 (8.85%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 21 (8.08%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 14 (5.38%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 24 (9.23%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 2 (0.77%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 20 (7.69%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 34 (13.08%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 10 (3.85%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 6 (2.31%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 13 (5.0%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 25 (9.62%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 10 (3.85%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 12 (4.62%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 5 (1.92%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 8 (3.08%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 2 (0.77%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 8 (3.08%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 17 (6.54%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 2 (0.77%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 5 (1.92%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
4 6 3 7 4 16 6 0 7 1 3 5 8 4 8 17
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
3 1 1 2 12 7 0 1 8 11 3 2 4 6 1 6
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
7 9 2 2 2 7 0 0 3 2 8 0 1 1 1 2
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
15 7 1 0 5 1 1 2 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 12
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
77 76 47 61
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
45 69 52 95
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
23 98 97 43
CYTB (size: 1141 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 28 (7.39%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 37 (9.76%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 24 (6.33%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 21 (5.54%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 3 (0.79%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 28 (7.39%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 58 (15.3%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 26 (6.86%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 10 (2.64%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 21 (5.54%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 29 (7.65%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 15 (3.96%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 13 (3.43%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 11 (2.9%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 7 (1.85%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 15 (3.96%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 4 (1.06%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 13 (3.43%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 9 (2.37%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 8 (2.11%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
16 10 5 9 7 21 5 14 3 1 6 8 12 2 5 24
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
5 1 2 5 17 13 2 3 6 15 4 2 9 9 1 3
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
8 8 2 7 3 10 1 1 2 2 13 0 2 2 13 2
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
11 3 4 3 8 6 3 2 0 5 1 0 0 0 0 13
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
111 88 84 97
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
55 100 74 151
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
33 141 137 69
ND1 (size: 975 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 20 (6.17%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 34 (10.49%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 23 (7.1%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 20 (6.17%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 1 (0.31%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 19 (5.86%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 58 (17.9%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 22 (6.79%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 10 (3.09%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 24 (7.41%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 24 (7.41%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 11 (3.4%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 8 (2.47%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 4 (1.23%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 11 (3.4%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 9 (2.78%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 6 (1.85%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 5 (1.54%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 7 (2.16%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 8 (2.47%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
10 12 5 13 10 21 8 4 5 1 3 4 7 5 8 16
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
5 0 1 2 17 12 3 2 2 6 10 6 10 6 2 4
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
9 7 0 2 10 7 0 0 4 2 9 2 2 5 4 1
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
4 7 4 1 3 7 0 0 0 6 2 0 0 0 1 6
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
88 95 72 70
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
41 97 54 133
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
45 115 106 59
ND2 (size: 1045 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 16 (4.61%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 44 (12.68%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 27 (7.78%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 49 (14.12%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 1 (0.29%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 11 (3.17%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 65 (18.73%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 22 (6.34%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 15 (4.32%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 20 (5.76%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 9 (2.59%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 10 (2.88%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 11 (3.17%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 1 (0.29%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 5 (1.44%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 8 (2.31%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 14 (4.03%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 7 (2.02%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 8 (2.31%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 4 (1.15%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
10 12 10 11 17 20 8 4 12 2 3 1 6 1 4 5
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
5 0 1 3 28 11 2 1 4 7 4 6 11 3 0 7
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
23 15 4 3 14 3 1 1 5 4 6 2 5 2 6 1
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
6 4 1 0 1 8 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 9
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
77 101 108 61
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
38 134 53 122
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
36 141 113 57
ND3 (size: 1045 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 16 (4.61%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 44 (12.68%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 27 (7.78%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 49 (14.12%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 1 (0.29%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 11 (3.17%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 65 (18.73%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 22 (6.34%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 15 (4.32%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 20 (5.76%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 9 (2.59%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 10 (2.88%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 11 (3.17%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 1 (0.29%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 5 (1.44%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 8 (2.31%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 14 (4.03%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 7 (2.02%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 8 (2.31%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 4 (1.15%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
10 12 10 11 17 20 8 4 12 2 3 1 6 1 4 5
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
5 0 1 3 28 11 2 1 4 7 4 6 11 3 0 7
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
23 15 4 3 14 3 1 1 5 4 6 2 5 2 6 1
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
6 4 1 0 1 8 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 9
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
77 101 108 61
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
38 134 53 122
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
36 141 113 57
ND4 (size: 1381 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 29 (6.32%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 39 (8.5%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 27 (5.88%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 42 (9.15%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 5 (1.09%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 23 (5.01%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 85 (18.52%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 36 (7.84%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 25 (5.45%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 27 (5.88%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 17 (3.7%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 15 (3.27%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 20 (4.36%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 4 (0.87%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 11 (2.4%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 13 (2.83%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 11 (2.4%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 10 (2.18%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 10 (2.18%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 11 (2.4%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
17 19 15 16 18 21 9 13 9 2 6 7 5 5 5 12
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
10 4 1 2 18 15 4 2 11 12 4 7 9 10 1 5
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
15 18 4 4 8 7 0 3 5 5 10 7 8 5 8 1
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
9 5 6 0 4 9 1 0 3 7 1 0 0 0 0 13
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
106 123 134 97
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
73 127 74 186
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
62 157 159 82
ND4L (size: 297 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 5 (5.1%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 13 (13.27%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 8 (8.16%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 9 (9.18%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 3 (3.06%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 2 (2.04%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 24 (24.49%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 1 (1.02%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 6 (6.12%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 2 (2.04%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 7 (7.14%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 0 (0%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 1 (1.02%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 1 (1.02%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 3 (3.06%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 3 (3.06%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 3 (3.06%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 4 (4.08%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 0 (0%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 3 (3.06%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
0 1 2 4 6 8 3 3 3 0 0 0 1 1 3 4
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
4 3 0 3 4 5 1 1 3 1 0 0 1 0 1 1
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
4 4 0 4 0 1 0 1 2 0 0 1 0 0 3 1
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
3 2 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 1 0 0
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
24 33 22 20
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
15 29 15 40
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
12 32 34 21
ND5 (size: 1836 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 33 (5.4%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 65 (10.64%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 42 (6.87%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 59 (9.66%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 6 (0.98%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 31 (5.07%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 84 (13.75%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 52 (8.51%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 31 (5.07%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 32 (5.24%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 40 (6.55%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 11 (1.8%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 14 (2.29%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 14 (2.29%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 10 (1.64%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 25 (4.09%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 19 (3.11%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 13 (2.13%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 20 (3.27%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 10 (1.64%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
26 26 13 17 15 31 8 10 16 3 9 6 11 5 14 26
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
18 2 4 7 41 17 0 4 11 12 6 6 18 8 0 7
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
23 25 4 3 11 16 0 1 11 4 7 6 3 6 19 2
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
11 9 1 3 11 15 5 0 1 8 1 0 0 1 0 8
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
153 145 199 115
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
75 186 113 238
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
60 241 200 111
ND6 (size: 522 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 22 (12.72%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 19 (10.98%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 14 (8.09%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 4 (2.31%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 4 (2.31%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 23 (13.29%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 29 (16.76%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 2 (1.16%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 10 (5.78%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 5 (2.89%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 14 (8.09%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 8 (4.62%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 4 (2.31%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 3 (1.73%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 4 (2.31%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 1 (0.58%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 0 (0%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 2 (1.16%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 1 (0.58%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 4 (2.31%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
2 0 0 3 1 3 1 13 0 0 11 1 5 6 10 4
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
10 3 1 9 2 3 5 6 2 1 13 2 0 0 3 4
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
0 0 0 3 2 3 1 2 3 5 3 1 8 1 0 1
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
1 1 3 2 1 1 0 1 0 0 3 0 0 0 1 3
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
71 19 23 61
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
39 37 20 78
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
55 21 33 65
Total protein-coding genes (size: 11424 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 249 (6.55%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 368 (9.67%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 243 (6.39%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 302 (7.94%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 29 (0.76%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 247 (6.49%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 611 (16.06%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 260 (6.83%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 164 (4.31%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 221 (5.81%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 237 (6.23%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 115 (3.02%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 120 (3.15%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 76 (2.0%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 97 (2.55%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 111 (2.92%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 94 (2.47%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 104 (2.73%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 75 (1.97%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 75 (1.97%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
140 120 66 119 109 205 67 79 82 12 59 53 94 41 86 151
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
98 15 14 42 185 118 23 28 64 86 71 49 89 68 15 50
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
110 119 23 37 71 73 5 11 46 37 78 24 32 35 76 17
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
87 66 31 17 59 62 13 8 8 46 13 0 0 4 2 96
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
1037 994 969 804
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
530 1077 678 1519
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
470 1320 1264 750

>NC_009575.1 Alosa alosa mitochondrion, complete genome
GATAGTGTAGCTTAGAGTAAAGCATAACATTGAAGATGTTAGTACGGGTCGTAGAAAGCCCCACGGTCAC
AAAAGTTTGGTCCTGACTTTATTATCAGCTCTAACCCAATTTACACATGCAAGCCTCCGCACCCCTGTGA
GGATGCCCTCAATCCCCCGTCCGGGGACGAGGAGCCGGTATCAGGCACACTTTTAGCCCAAGACGCCTTG
CTTAGCCACACCCCCAAGGGAATTCAGCAGTGATAGACATTAAGCCATAAGTGAAAACTTGACTTAGTCA
GGGTTAAGAGGGCCGGTAAAACTCGTGCCAGCCACCGCGGTTATACGAGAGGCCCTAGTTGATTCACTCG
GCGTAAAGAGTGGTTATGGAGAATAAAATACTAAAGCCGAAGGCCCCTTAGGCCGTCATACGCACCTAGA
GGCTCGAATTATAGACACGAAAGTAGCTTTACCCCTTCCCACCAGAACCCACGACAGCTGGGACACAAAC
TGGGATTAGATACCCCACTATGCCCCGCCGTAAACTTAGATATTCCAGTACAACAAATATCCGCCAGGGG
ACTACGAGCGCCAGCTTAAAACCCAAAGGACTTGGCGGTGCTTCAGACCCCCCTAGAGGAGCCTGTTCTA
GAACCGATAACCCCCGTTCAACCTCACTACTCCTTGCTTTTCCCGCCTATATACCACCGTCGCCAGCTTA
CCCTGTGAAGGTACTACAGTAAGCAGAATGAGTAATACTCAAAACGTCAGGTCGAGGTGTAGCGTACGAA
GTAGGAAGAAATGGGCTACATTGTCTGATCCAGATTATTCACGGAAGATTGTCTGAAACGACAATCCGAA
GGTGGATTTAGCAGTAAAGGGGGAATAGAGTGCCCCCTTGAAGCCGGCTCTGAAGCGCGCACACACCGCC
CGTCACTCTCCCCAACAACCGCCCACACCAAGGTAAATAACACAATACCCGTCACAAGGGGAGGCAAGTC
GTAACATGGTAAGTGTACCGGAAGGTGCACTTGGAATAATCCGGGTGTGGCTGAGACAGTTAAGCGACTC
CCTTACACCGAGAATACATTCATGCAAGTTGGATCGCCCGGAACTAAACAGCTAGCTCAAACTATAATGA
ACCAAGTTAATGATATAAATAGTCCTACAGAAAGCTAAAAGCACAAACTAAACCATTCGACCACCCCAGT
ACGGGCGACAGAAAAGGAAATAAAGACGCTATAGACAAAGTACCGCAAGGGAAAGCTGAAAGAGAAATGA
ATAACGCACTAAAGTAAATAAAAGCAGAGACTACATCTCGTACCTTTTGCATCATGATCTAGCCAGTAAC
CTCAAGCAAAGAGACCTCTAGTTTGAACCCCCGAAACCGGACGAGCTACTCCGGGGCAGCCTATTATAGG
GCCAACCCGTCTCTGTGGCAAAAGAGTGGGAAGACCCCCGAGTAGAGGTGAAAGACCTACCGAGTCAGGT
TATAGCTGGTTGCCCAAGAAATGAATAGAAGTTCAGCCCCGCCACGCCCTTGCCCACAACAGTTTTACTT
AAACAAGGCATAAAGGACACCCGCGGGAGTTAGTCAAGGGAGGTACAGCTCCCTTAACAAAGGACACAAC
CTTAAACAGGAGGCTAAGGAATATATTAAACTAAGGCCCTAGGTTTCAGTGGGCCTAAAAGCAGCCACCT
GAACAGAAAGCGTTAAAGCTCAGACCAATCCAAGCCTATTATAACATTAAAATCTCCAAAGCCCCCAATA
TTACTGGGCCATCCTATGCCCCCATAGGAGGGACCATGCTAGAACGAGTAATAAGAAGAAAGACCTTCTC
CCAGCACATGTGTAAGTCGAACCGGACACCCCATCGACAATTAACGAACCCAACAAGAGAGGGTAGTACA
CCACCGCCACCCCAGGCCAAGAAGACCATGTAGTAGAACATCGTTACCCCCACACAGGAGTGCTTAAATC
AAGGGAAAGACTTAAAGGATAAAAAGGAACTCGGCAAACCAAAACCCCGCCTGTTTACCAAAAACATCGC
CTCCTGCCACCACTAATTATAGGAGGTCCCGCCTGCCCTGTGACCAAAAGTTTAACGGCCGCGGTATTTT
AACCGTGCAAAGGTAGCGCAATCAATTGTCTTTTAAATGGAGACCTGTATGAATGGCATAACGAGGGTTT
AACTGTCTCTTTTTCCCGGTCAATGAAACTGATCTACCCGTGCAGAAGCGGGTATTTATACACAAGACGA
GAAGACCCTATGGAGCTTTAGACGCCAACCAACCACGAAAAGCGGCCGCTGACTGGACCCTTAAACAACG
TGATTATGGCATAAGCGTCTTCGGTTGGGGCGACCACGGGAGATAACAAAGCTCCCGAGTGGATAGGGGG
ACACCCTAAAACCCAGAGCCACAGCTCTAAGTCACAAAACATTTGACCAATAATGATCCGGCTTTATGCC
GACCAACGAACCAAGTTACCCTAGGGATAACAGCGCAATCCCCTCCCAGAGTCCATATCGACGAGGGGGT
TTACGACCTCGATGTTGGATCAGGACATCCTAATGGTGCAGCCGCTATTAAGGGTTCGTTTGTTCAACGA
TTAAAGTCCTACGTGATCTGAGTTCAGACCGGAGTAATCCAGGTCAGTTTCTATCTGTGAAACCACCCTT
CCTAGTACGAAAGGACCGGAGTGATGAGGCCCCTGCTTTAAGCACGCCTCCCCCCAACCTGCTGAATACA
ACTGAAGTAGGTAAAGGGGGGTAATCCCCGGCCCAAGAGAAGGGCGCGCTAGGGTGGCAGAGCCCGGTAA
ATGCAGGAAGCCTAAGACTTCCCTCCCCAGAGGTTCAAATCCTCTCCTTAGCTATGCTTCACATTATCAT
AGCCCACATCATCAACCCCCTTGCCTACATCGTACCGGTCCTACTCGCCGTAGCTTTCCTGACCCTAATT
GAACGAAAAGTCTTGGGCTATATGCAACTGCGAAAAGGACCAAATGTGGTAGGCCCTTACGGACTACTTC
AGCCAATCGCAGACGGAGTTAAACTCTTTATTAAAGAACCTGTCCGACCCTCCACATCCTCCCCATTCTT
ATTCCTAGCCACCCCTACCTTGGCCCTCACACTGGCACTCACACTATGAGCACCCCTGCCCCTACCCTTC
CCTGTTACTGACCTTAATCTCAGCATACTATTTATTTTAGCACTATCCAGCCTAGCCGTGTACTCAATCC
TGGGGTCTGGGTGGGCATCTAATTCAAAATACGCCCTAATTGGGGCCCTGCGGGCCGTCGCCCAAACCAT
TTCCTACGAAGTGGCGCTAGGACTCATCCTTCTATGCACTATCGTATTTACAGGGGGTTTCACCCTGTCA
ATGTTCAGCATCACACAAGAAGGAATTTGACTACTAGCCCCAGCATGACCTCTTGCGGCAATGTGGTACA
TCTCCACACTAGCAGAGACCAATCGAGCACCATTTGATCTAACTGAGGGGGAGTCAGAACTTGTATCCGG
GTTCAACGTAGAATACGCCGGAGGGCCCTTCGCCCTTTTCTTCCTAGCTGAATACGCCAACATTCTCTTC
ATGAATACCCTATCAGCAGTACTCTTTATAGGGGCCTCACACTTCCCCTCATTTCCCGAGTTTACCACCA
TTAGCATCATATTTAAAGCAGCCCTTCTTTCCGGGCTATTCTTATGAGTTCGGGCCTCCTACCCACGATT
CCGATATGACCAACTAATACACCTGGTGTGAAAAAACTTCCTTCCCCTTACATTAGCGCTAATTCTCTGA
CATATCTCCCTTCCGGTGGGGACTGCAGGTCTCCCTCCCCAATTCTAGGTAAACCTGGAGCTGTGCCTGA
ACGTCTAAGGGGTACTTTGATAGAGTGAACCACGGGGGTTAAACTCCCCCCAGCTCCTTAGAAAAAAGGG
ATTCGAACCCGTCCTCCAGAGATCAAAACTCTGGGTGCTTCCACTACACCACTTTCTAGTAAGGTCAGCT
AAATAAGCTCTCGGGCCCATACCCCGAGTATGTCGGTTAAAATCCTTCCCCTATTAATGAACCCTTACGT
ACTCACAATCCTACTCTCTAGCCTCGGCCTAGGGACTACAATAACCTTTGCAAGCTCCCACTGACTGCTA
GCATGAATGGGCTTGGAAATTAACACCCTTGCCATCGTCCCCATAATAGCCTACCAGCACCACCCCCGTG
CCGTAGAAGCCACGACCAAATATTTCCTCACACAAGCCACAGCAGCAGCTATGCTTCTATTTGCTAGCAC
TACCAACGCATGAATCACCGGGCAATGAGAGATCACCCAGCTCTCCCACCCCATCGCCTCTTCCATCGCC
ATTACAGCTTTGGCACTAAAAATTGGCCTAGCCCCCATACACTTCTGGCTTCCCGAAGTTCTCCAAGGAA
TCACGCTAACCACAGGGCTAGTATTGTCCACTTGACAAAAACTAGCCCCATTTGCACTAATCCTTCAAAT
TGCGGACAACGCCCACCCTTACTTACTTACAACATTAGCAATCTCTTCCACACTAGTAGGAGGATGAGGG
GGACTTAATCAAACCCAACTGCGCAAAATCCTAGCATATTCCTCAATCGCACATCTAGGATGGATAATTC
TAGTAGCCCAAATGGCCCCCCAAATAACACTGATAGCCCTGGTTACCTATATTGCCATAACAACAGCCGC
CTTCCTCACCCTAAACAATGTGGGCTCGACCAAAACTATTACCCTAACCTCCGCCTGAACTAAAGCCCCC
ACCCTGACCGCGCTGGCCTGCCTCATTCTTCTCTCCCTGGGAGGTTTACCCCCACTAACAGGATTCATGC
CTAAATGACTAATTCTCCAAGAAGTTTCCAGCCAAGNGTTTCCCCTCACGGCCACCGTAATAGCCCTCAC
AGCCCTATTGAGTCTTTACTTCTACCTTCGACTAAGCTACGCCATAACCCTTACCCTCTCCCCCTATACC
ACTAACTCCACGGCCCCTTGACGGACCACAACTAAACAACCTTCCCTCCCCTTGTCCGCAGCCATCATTT
CATCAACCTCCCTCCTCCCTCTCACCCCAACCGCCCTGGCCCTTTTAGCCTAGGGGCTTAGGATAGCATT
AAGACCATGAGCCTTCAAAGCTCCAAGCAGGAGTGAAAATCTCCTAGCCCCTGATAAGACTTGCAGGGAT
TTATCCCACATCTTCTGAATGCAACCCAGACACTTTAATTAAGCTAAAGCCTTTCTAGATGGGAAGGCCT
CGATCCTACAAACTCTTAGTTAACAGCTAAGCGCCCTAACCAGCGAGCATCCATCTACTTTCCCCGCCGT
TCCGGGAGGGAGGCGGGGAAAGCCCCGGCAGGCGGTAACCCGCGTCTTCAGGTTTGCAACCTGACATGAA
CTTCACCACGGGGCTTGTGGTAAGAAGAGGAGTTAAACCTCTGTCCTCGGAGCTACAATCCGCCGCCTGA
ACCTTCGGCCATCCTACCTGTGGCAATTACACGTTGATTTTTCTCAACTAATCATAAAGATATTGGTACC
CTTTACCTAGTATTTGGTGCCTGAGCAGGGATAGTAGGCACTGCCTTAAGTCTCTTAATCCGAGCCGAAC
TGAGCCAACCCGGGGCACTTCTCGGAGATGATCAGATCTATAACGTCATCGTTACGGCGCACGCCTTCGT
AATAATCTTCTTCATAGTAATGCCAATTCTAATTGGCGGCTTTGGGAATTGACTAGTCCCCCTTATGATC
GGGGCACCAGACATGGCATTCCCACGAATGAACAACATGAGCTTCTGGCTACTTCCACCCTCATTCCTCC
TCCTCCTTGCCTCCTCCGGGGTTGAAGCCGGGGCAGGGACCGGGTGAACAGTCTACCCGCCTTTGGCAGG
CAATCTTGCCCACGCCGGGGCATCCGTCGACCTGACTATCTTCTCTCTTCATCTAGCAGGTATTTCATCG
ATTCTTGGGGCCATTAATTTTATTACCACAATCATTAATATGAAACCCCCTGCAATCTCACAATATCAAA
CACCCCTATTTGTGTGATCCGTGCTTGTAACGGCCGTTCTCCTTCTTCTCTCACTCCCTGTGCTAGCTGC
TGGGATTACAATGCTCCTAACAGACCGAAATCTAAATACAACCTTCTTTGACCCGGCAGGGGGAGGGGAC
CCAATTTTATACCAACACCTATTCTGATTCTTCGGCCACCCGGAAGTTTATATTTTAATCCTGCCAGGAT
TTGGAATGATCTCCCACATTGTAGCCTATTATTCCGGCAAAAAGGAACCTTTCGGATACATGGGGATGGT
GTGAGCCATGATGGCCATCGGACTTCTAGGGTTTATTGTATGAGCCCACCACATGTTTACCGTGGGGATA
GATGTCGACACACGAGCCTACTTTACATCCGCAACAATGATTATTGCCATTCCCACCGGAGTAAAAGTCT
TTAGCTGACTTGCAACTCTGCACGGAGGCTCAATCAAATGGGATACTCCCCTGCTGTGAGCTCTGGGCTT
CATTTTCCTCTTCACGGTCGGGGGGCTCACAGGGATTGTACTAGCCAACTCCTCCCTAGACATTGTTCTA
CACGACACATACTACGTAGTAGCACACTTCCACTATGTTCTGTCAATGGGTGCTGTATTTGCCATCATGG
CCGCATTCATGCACTGATTCCCACTATTTTCAGGATACACCCTTCACAGCACTTGAACAAAGATCCATTT
TGGGGTTATGTTCGTAGGGGTAAATCTAACCTTCTTCCCACAACACTTCCTAGGGCTAGCCGGAATGCCA
CGACGGTACTCGGACTACCCAGATGCCTATACCCTTTGAAACACGGTGTCTTCAATTGGATCACTAATCT
CTTTAGTAGCAGTAATTATGTTCTTATTTATTCTCTGAGAAGCATTTGCCGCCAAACGGGAAGTATCATC
AGTAGAGCTTACCATAACAAACGTAGAATGACTACACGGCTGCCCACCTCCTTACCACACCTTCGAGGAG
CCGGCTTTCGTGCAAGTACAAGCAAAATAACGAGAAAGGGAGGAATCGAACCCCCGTGAGATGGTTTCAA
GCCAACTGCATGGCCACTCTGCCACTTTCTTAAATAAGACACTAGTAAAACGATTACCTTGCCTTGTCGA
GGCAAAATTGTGGGTTAAACCCCCGCGTGTCTTAGCCCAGAGCTAAATGGCACATCCCTCACAACTAGGA
TTGCAAGACGCGGCCTCCCCTGTAATAGAAGAACTCCTACATTTCCACGACCACGCCCTAATGATCGTAC
TCCTAATTAGCACACTGGTTCTTTATATTATTGTGTCAATGGTTTCTACCAAACTTACTGACAAATACAT
TCTGGACTCCCAAGAAATTGAAATTGTGTGAACTGTCCTACCAGCAGTAATCCTTATTCTAATTGCACTT
CCCTCCCTACGAATTCTTTACCTCATGGACGAGATTAACGACCCCCACCTAACTATCAAAGCCATAGGAC
ACCAATGATACTGAAGCTATGAATACACAGATTATGAAGACCTGGGCTTTGACTCCTACATGGTTCCCAC
ACAAGACCTAGTACCAGGACAATTCCGCCTACTAGAGACAGACCACCGAATGGTTGTTCCAATAGAATCC
CCCATCCGAGTTCTTGTATCAGCGGAAGACGTACTCCACTCCTGAGCCGTTCCAGCACTAGGTGTAAAAA
TAGACGCAGTACCAGGACGCCTAAACCAAACCGCCTTTATCGCCTCCCGTCCCGGCGTATTCTACGGGCA
ATGCTCTGAAATTTGTGGTGCAAATCACAGCTTTATGCCAATTGTGGTAGAAGCCGTTCCTCTAGAACAC
TTTGAAAACTGATCCTCACTCATACTTGAAGACGCCTCACTAGGAAGCTAAATTGGGCCTAGCGTCAGCC
TTTTAAGCTGAAGATTGGTGACCCCCAACCACCTCTAGTGATATGCCTCAATTGAACCCCGCTCCTTGAT
TTGCAATTCTTGTCTTCTCTTGACTAATTTTTCTAACAGTCATTCCCCCAAAAGTCCTAGCCCATAACTT
CAACAATGAACCTACAACTGTAGGAGCTGAAAAAGCTAAACCTGAACCCTGAAACTGACCATGATACTAA
GCTTCTTTGACCAATTCATGAGCCCCTCTTACCTGGGTATTCCCCTTATTGCAGTAGCAATCGCACTCCC
ATGAGTTTTATACCCCACCCCGACAACACGGTGATTAAACAATCGAGTATTAACGCTTCAAGGCTGATTC
ATTAATCGATTCACACAACAACTTCTTCTGCCTATTAACCCAGGGGGACACAAGTGAGCGGTCCTGTTTA
CATCTCTAATGCTCTTCCTTATTACTATCAACATGTTAGGACTCCTCCCCTACACATTTACGCCAACTAC
ACAACTTTCTCTAAACATGGGCCTTGCCGTCCCTCTATGGCTCGCCACAGTAATCATTGGCATGCGAAAC
CAACCCACAGCTGCCCTAGGACACCTCCTCCCCGAGGGCACCCCAGCGCCTCTTATCCCTGTACTAATTA
TTATCGAAACGATTAGCCTATTTATCCGGCCCTTAGCCCTTGGGGTCCGACTAACTGCCAACCTAACAGC
GGGCCACTTACTTATTCAACTAATTGCCACAGCAGCATTTGTTCTTCTCCCAATTATGCCAACCGTGGCC
ATCTTAACAGCCACAATTTTATTCCTGCTCACCCTTCTAGAAGTCGCCGTAGCAATGATTCAAGCATATG
TCTTCGTCCTACTCTTAAGCCTATACCTACAAGAAAACGTCTAATGGCCCACCAAGCACACGCATACCAC
ATGGTAGACCCAAGCCCCTGACCGCTCACCGGAGCAGTTGGCGCCCTGCTGCTAACATCCGGCACTGCAA
TTTGATTCCACTTCCATTCAACCCTCCTTATAACCCTAGGCCTAGTACTAACGCTCCTAACTATGTACCA
ATGATGACGAGACATTGTCCGAGAGGGGACCTTCCAAGGCCACCACACCCCTCCAGTTCAAAAAGGGCTG
CGTTATGGAATAATCCTATTCATTACCTCAGAAGTATTCTTCTTTGCAGGATTTTTCTGAGCCTTCTACC
ACTCAAGCCTAGCACCAACCCCTGAACTAGGAGGCTGCTGACCCCCAACAGGAGTCACACCCCTAGACCC
ATTCGAAGTGCCACTACTGAATACAGCCGTCCTTCTAGCCTCCGGTGTAACTGTAACATGAGCCCACCAT
AGCCTTATAGAAGGAGGACGAAAGCAAGCCATCCAGTCTCTTACTCTTACAATCCTTCTAGGCTTCTACT
TTACTTTCTTGCAAGCTCTAGAATACTATGAAGCCCCCTTTACGATCGCAGACGGAGTGTTCGGGTCAAC
ATTCTTTGTGGCCACAGGATTCCACGGCCTACACGTAATCATTGGCTCAACATTCCTGGCTGTCTGTCTT
CTACGTCAAGTGCTCCACCACTTTACTTCAAACCACCACTTTGGATTCGAAGCCGCCGCCTGATACTGAC
ACTTTGTTGACGTAGTATGACTATTCCTGTACGTCTCTATCTACTGATGAGGATCATAATCTTTCTAGTA
TAAAAGACAGTACAGGTGGCTTCCAACCATCTAATCTTGGTTAAAGCCCAAGGAAAGATAATGAGTCTAA
TCATAACCATCCTAGCAATCACCTCCGTACTATCAATCATTTTAATCATTGTCTCCTTCTGACTACCGCA
AATAAACCCTGACGCAGAGAAACTTTCACCTTATGAGTGCGGATTTGATCCCCTAGGGTCCGCCCGCCTG
CCCTTCTCCCTGCGATTCTTCCTAGTAGCCATTCTATTCTTACTATTTGACCTAGAGATCGCACTGCTAC
TCCCCCTCCCCTGGGGAAATCAACTGCTCAACCCACTAGTAACCGTCTCATGGGCCACCGCCATCCTTGT
TCTCCTAACACTAGGTTTAGTCTATGAGTGAATGCAGGGGGGCCTTGAATGAGCCGAATAGGGAATTAGT
CCAACTGAAGACTTCTGATTTCGGCTCAGACAATTGTGGTTAAAGTCCACAACTCCCTTATGACCCCGGT
ACACTTCAGTTTTAGCATAGCATTTATCCTAGGCCTAATAGGCCTGGCATTTCACCGAACCCACCTTCTC
TCTGCTCTACTATGTTTAGAGGGCATGATGCTATCACTCTTCCTTGCTCTCTCTTTATGGACCCTACAAA
CAGAAGCAACAAACTTCTCTGCAGCGCCCATGTTACTCCTCGCCTTCTCTGCTTGTGAAGCCAGCACTGG
TCTTGCCCTGCTAGTGGCAACAGCCCGAACCCATGGAACAGACCGACTACAAAACCTTAACCTCCTGCAA
TGTTAAAAGTGTTAATCCCAACCCTAATGCTCTTCCCAACGATTTGGTTAACGCCCAAAAAATGACTTTG
GACATCCGCCGTGTCCTACAGCCTAGTTATTGCCCTGCTAAGTCTAACTTGGCTCAACTGGACAGCAGAA
ACAGGATGAACCCTACCAAACAACTATATAGCAATTGACCCTCTCTCTGCCCCCCTTCTAGTCCTAACAT
GTTGACTCCTCCCTCTGATAATCCTCGCGAGTCAAAATCACACACAATCTGAGCCTGCCTCCCGACAACG
CATGTACCTTAGCCTCTTGGCCTCCCTTCAGGCTTTCCTTATCATAGCATTCGGAGCCACAGAAATTATT
ATGTTTTACATCATATTCGAAGCAACCCTGGTTCCCACTCTTATTATCATCACCCGATGAGGCAACCAAG
CAGAGCGCCTAAATGCGGGCACCTACTTCTTATTTTACACTTTGGCAGGGTCCCTCCCACTATTAGTTGC
ACTACTAACCCTGCAAAATTCAACAGGAAGTTTGTCAATGATTACCCTAAACTTTTGTCAGCCTTTGACT
TTGATCTCCTGAGGAGACAAAATCTGGTGGGCGGGCTGCTTGGTGGCATTCCTCGTAAAAATACCCCTCT
ATGGCGTCCATCTCTGACTACCAAAGGCGCACGTAGAGGCCCCTATCGCCGGATCAATAGTCCTAGCCGC
AGTTTTACTAAAACTTGGGGGCTACGGCATGATTCGAATAACAACAGTCCTTGACCCCCTCACTAAAGAA
ATGGCCTATCCCTTCATCGTGCTTGCCCTCTGAGGCATCATCATAACGGGATCTATCTGTTTACGCCAAA
CAGACCTAAAATCACTAATCGCTTACTCCTCAGTAAGCCACATGGGGCTGGTCGCCGGAGGTATTCTTAT
TCAAACCCCCTGAGGCCTGACCGGGGCAATTATTTTAATAATCGCCCACGGACTAGTATCATCAGCATTG
TTCTGTCTGGCAAACACAAGCTATGAACGAACACACAGCCGAACCATAGTCTTGGCACGAGGCATGCAAA
TACTGTTCCCCCTAACGGCCACATGATGGTTTATTGCCAACTTAGCCAATCTTGCACTCCCCCCGCTCCC
TAATCTTATGGGAGAGATCATAATCATTACAACCATATTTAACTGATCTCCTTGAACCCTAATCCTTACA
GGACTCGGCACCCTGATCACAGCCGGTTACTCCCTCTACATATTCCTAATAACCCAACGGGGCCCAGTAC
CAGCACACATTACAGGATTAACCCCATATCACACACGAGAGCACCTTTTAATTGCCCTTCACTTAATTCC
AGTTGTTTTACTTGTCCTCAAACCAGAGTTCGTGTGAGGATGATTCTACTGCAGGTATAGTTTAACGAAA
ATGTTGGATTGTGATTCCAAAGACAGGAGTTCAAACCTCCTTATCCGCCGAGAGAGGCCTGTAGCAATAG
AGACTGCTAATCTCTACTCCCGCAGTTAGAATCTGCGGCTCCCTCGGCCTTTGAAGGATAACAGTCATCC
GTTGGTCTTAGGAACCAAAAACTCTTGGTGCAAATCCAAGCAGAGGCTATGCAAACTACACTGATTTTAT
CATCATCACTTACACTAATCTTTGCCCTCCTAGCCTACCCTATTATTACAACAATTGACCCCGCACCAAA
ACCCCCCGGTTGGGCCGTATCCCACGTAAAAACCGCAGTTAGCGCCGCATTCGTGGTCAGTCTTTTACCA
CTATTTATCTTCTTGGACCAGGGGGTAGAAACAATCGTCACCACCTGGCACTGAATAAATACATCCACTT
TCAACATTAGCATTAGCCTAAAATTCGATGCCTATTCAATTATCTTTACGCCAATTGCCCTCTACGTAAC
CTGGTCAATCCTTGAATTTGCCTCCTGGTACATACACGCAGACCCATACATGAACCGATTCTTTAAATAC
CTTCTCATGTTCTTAATCGCTATGATTATCTTAGTTACGGCCAACAACATATTCCAACTATTTATTGGCT
GAGAAGGAGTAGGAATTATGTCCTTCCTACTAATCGGCTGATGGTACGGCCGAGCCGATGCCAACACTGC
AGCCTTGCAAGCCGTGATCTATAACCGGGTGGGGGACATCGGGCTAATTATAAGCATGGCCTGATTTGCC
ATAAATCTTAACTCATGAGAGATACAACAAATCTTTGCACTTTCTCACAACATGGACATAACCCTCCCCC
TTCTAGGCCTAATCATTGCCGCAACAGGCAAGTCAGCCCAATTCGGACTTCACCCCTGACTGCCTTCCGC
AATGGAAGGTCCCACGCCAGTCTCCGCCCTACTGCACTCAAGCACAATGGTTGTAGCAGGAATCTTCCTC
CTTATTCGACTACATCCTCTTACCCAAGCCAACCCCACAGCACTAACCATCTGCTTGTGTTTAGGTGCAC
TAACAACACTATTTACCGCCACATGCGCCCTCACCCAAAATGACATCAAGAAAATCGTAGCCTTCTCTAC
TTCAAGCCAACTAGGACTCATGATAGTGACAATTGGGCTTAATCAACCCCAATTAGCCTTCTTCCACATT
TGCACCCATGCCTTCTTCAAAGCAATACTCTTCCTCTGCTCCGGATCAGTTATCCACAGCCTTAATGACG
AACAGGACATCCGAAAAATGGGGGGCCTACACAACCTAGCACCTTTTACATCCACCTGTCTCACAATTGG
AAGCCTAGCTCTAACAGGAACTCCCTTTCTGGCCGGCTTCTTCTCAAAGGATGCCATCATCGAAGCCCTA
AACACCTCCTACCTAAACGCCTGAGCCCTTGTCCTCACTCTAATTGCAACCTCTTTCACAGCTGTATATA
GCTTCCGAGTTGTGTTCTTTGTTACCATGGGAACCCCCCGATTTATGCCCCTCTCCCCAATCAACGAAAA
TGACCCTGCAGTTATTAACCCAATTAAACGACTGGCCTGAGGCAGCATTGTAGCCGGGTTAATTCTTATT
TCAAACACCCTCCCCACAAAAACACCTATTATGACCATGCCCCCCATACTAAAACTAGCTGCTCTTATCG
TCACAGTCATTGGACTTCTAACAGCCATAGAATTAGCCGCCCTCACCGCCAAACAATTCAAACCCACCCC
AACCATTAAACTACACAACTTCTCAAACATGCTCGGCTTCTTCCCCGCAACAGTACACCGCCTGGCCCCC
AAACTAAACCTGGTTTTAGGCCAAACAATGGCCAACCAACTAGTAGACCAGTCATGGTTTGAAACCGCAG
GCCCCAAAGGACTAGTTTCAGCTCAAACGAAGATGTCCGCCGCCACTAGCGACACCCAACGAGGAATCAT
CAAGACATATCTAATAATCTTCATAATCACCACAGGTCTGGCTGCCCTTTTAGCCTCAGCCTAAACAGCC
CGTAAAGTCCCCCGGCTTAAGCCACGAGTCAACTCTAATACTACAAATAAAGTTAACAATAGAACTCAAG
CGCATAACACCATCATAACACCCCCTGAAGCATAAAGCATGGAAACACCACCAACATCTCCCCGAATCAT
CAGCAACTCTTTACAGCTACTTAGCACCCCAGTACTAAAACCATATCATGATGAACCAAAATAGAGCAAC
CCAGCAACGACTACCACGAAGTAGAACATCGCATGCTCAAAAACAGACGCGTCCCCCCAGCTTTCAGGGT
GCGGATCAGCCGCCAAAGCAGCCGAGTACCCAAAAACTACTAACATCCCCCCTAGATAAATTAAAAAAAG
AGCCAAGGCCAAAAACGGCAACCCAAACATTGCTAAAACAGCACAACCCGCCCCAGAGGACATCACTAAC
CCTAATGCCGCGAAATACGGGGCAGGATTAGATGCAACGCCCACCATCCCTAAAACAAACCCAAATAATC
AAAGACACACGAAGTATACCATAATTTCTACCCGGATTCTAACCGAGACCAATGACTCGAAAAACCACCG
TTGTTATTCAACTATAGAAACCCTAATGGCAAGCCTACGAAAAACCCACCCACTCATAAAAATCGCCAAC
GACGCACTAGTCGACCTCCCAGCCCCTTCTAACATTTCAGTTTGATGAAACTTCGGCTCACTTTTAGGGA
TGTGTTTAGCGGCACAAATTTTAACAGGACTATTCCTGGCTATACACTACACTTCTGATATCGCAACGGC
ATTCTCTTCTGTCGTCCACATTTGCCGTGACGTAAACTATGGATGACTAATCCGGAGCATGCACGCAAAC
GGAGCATCATTCTTCTTCATCTGCATTTACGCCCACATTGGCCGAGGACTTTACTACGGCTCATACGTTT
ACAAGGAGACATGAACCATTGGAGTAATCCTTCTCCTTCTTGTTATAATGACTGCCTTTGTAGGCTACGT
TCTCCCCTGAGGACAAATATCTTTCTGAGGGGCCACAGTAATTACCAACTTGTTATCTGCCGTCCCATAT
GTGGGAGGCGCACTAGTAGAATGAATCTGAGGGGGCTTCTCCGTAGATAGTGCCACTCTAACCCGATTCT
TCGCATTCCACTTCCTATTTCCCTTCGTAATTGCAGGAGCCACAATCCTCCACCTCTTATTCCTACACGA
AACAGGATCAAATAACCCGGCTGGTCTTAACTCAGACGCTGACAAAATTTTATTCCACCCATACTTCTCC
TACAAAGACCTTCTGGGTTTTGCAGCTTTACTACTAGCGCTAATCTCGTTAGCCCTCTTTTCACCTAACT
TGCTAGGAGACCCAGATAATTTCACGCCCGCCAACCCCATGGTCACCCCACCCCACATTAAACCAGAGTG
ATACTTCCTGTTTGCCTACGCCATCCTACGTTCAATCCCCAACAAGCTAGGTGGAGTATTAGCCCTTCTA
TTCTCCATTTTAGTACTATTAGTAATTCCCACCCTGCATACCTCAAAGCATCGAGGACTAACATTCCGAC
CCATTACACAGTTCCTATTCTGAGCTTTAGTACTAGACGTTGTTGTCTTAACATGAATTGGAGGAATACC
AGTAGAGCACCCCTACGTCATTGCCGGACAAGTGGCCTCAGCAGCCTACTTCTCTCTGTTCTTAATTCTT
ACCCCACTAGCCGGGTGAGCAGAGAACAAAGTCCTAGAATGAAACTGCCCCAGTAGCTTAGTTCTAAAGC
GCCGGTTTTGTAACCCGGAGACCGGAGGTTAAAGTCCCCCCTGAGGCCCAGAAAAGAAAGATTTTAACTT
CCACCTCTAACTCCCAAAGCTAGTATTCTAAGTTAAACTATTCTCTGCTCGACGCGCCAACGCCGATATA
TGTACTTATTATATGTACTCTAGTATATAGATGTTGTATACCCATAGTATATACAACACCATGCATAGAT
GGTATCTATACATACTATGTATAATTATACATATATATATGGTATCTATACATACTATGTATAATTATAC
ATATATATATGGTACCTATACATACTATGTATAATCCCCATTCATATTCTGTCAGGTAAATAACTGTATT
ACACTGACATTCATGAATCTAAGGATAAGTAATTAATAGTTAGATGATAATGCGTAAAAACAAACAGGTA
ACAATTAAACTAGGGTATATACGAAGCATCAAATCAAGATTCAGAATATTAATAAAGGAAGCTGATAAAT
AGATTAATCCCTATTACTTCATTGAACCATTTTCCATGCGTTACCCATCAAAAATAGCTACAGACTTATT
TAATGTAGTGAGAACCGACCAACACGACTAAATCGCGCATACGGTTAATGATAAGATCACGGACAAAAAT
CGTGGGGGTTTCACAGAATGAACTATTCCTGGCATTTGGTTCCTATTTCAGGGCCATATGCTTATAGTCC
CCCTAAGAGTTGAACTTTCCAGGCATAAGTTAATGGTGGGGTACTAACGACTCGTTACCCACCATGCCGG
GCGTTCACTTACATGCATTTGGTTCTCTTTTTCTCCTTCACTTTCACTTTGCATTTGGCGACTCCTTCCT
AATGTTAACGTTTAAAGGGTGAACATTTCCTTGAAATAAAGGACAACTGTCCAATACTCCATTAGCATTC
ATCGAAGAATCACATAAGTGATATCAAGTGCATAATAGATCAACTCTCAACCCACGGTGCCCTATTATAC
TGCCCCCCTTCTTCGGAAAACTAGGAGGTTTTTTCGCGCGACAAACCCCCTTACCCCCTACGCCCGAAAA
AGTCTAATATTCATGTCAAACCCCGAAACCATGAAAGACTCGACTGACGTCTTCAACGAGTTCTATTACG
TGTTGGTATACAGTACTGCAAAAAAATGTTACTCTGTG


Contact: Vadim E. Fraifeld, MD, PhD

Head: Lab for the Biology of Aging, The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
P.O. Box 653, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel

Email:
How to cite us:

If you would like to cite this database please use:
Toren D, Barzilay T, Tacutu R, Lehmann G, Muradian KK, Fraifeld VE. MitoAge: a database for comparative analysis of mitochondrial DNA, with a special focus on animal longevity. Nucleic Acids Res. 2016; 44(D1):D1262-5.